NVRAM stores peripheral data such as volume, display resolution and brightness, startup-disk selection, and time settings. Resetting the NVRAM is a quick, easy, way to troubleshoot a misbehaving Mac—it doesn’t delete any data from your storage drive, and it doesn’t require any tools or repair experience. If you are experiencing problems related to your speakers, display, or other peripherals, you can try resetting your NVRAM on your own with the directions below.
Common NVRAM-Related Issues
- A blinking question mark icon appears briefly before your Mac starts up.
- Your Mac’s display freezes or becomes unresponsive (without showing the spinning wheel icon.
- Your Mac’s speakers intermittently stop playing sound, even though the volume is turned up.
- Your Mac has difficulty connecting to an external display.
How to Reset NVRAM
- Shut down your Mac.
- Press and release the power button, then immediately press and hold the following keys: option, command, P, and R.
- Hold those four keys for about 20 seconds, or until your Mac boots twice (after the Apple logo appears twice).
If you are holding the correct key combination and the Mac is booting normally, it may not be registering your key presses. Try using a wired keyboard (or the built-in keyboard on a laptop Mac), and disconnecting any other USB and bluetooth connections.
Apple Silicon Macs
Macs with Apple Silicon processors will not perform an NVRAM reset since the architecture of the logic board is much different. Settings previously stored in NVRAM are now likely a part of the processor itself. Simply shutting down or restarting your Mac is sufficient in this case.
More Information
- After the NVRAM has been reset, you may want to go into System Preferences and restore any settings that have been reset (such as volume and display brightness levels).
- Some Macs have a small battery that exclusively powers the NVRAM. If your settings are reset every time you unplug your desktop Mac or when your laptop Mac battery dies, you may need to replace your NVRAM battery.
- If you are experiencing sleep, wake, charging, or other power-related symptoms, you may need to reset your System Management Controller.
10 Comments
My powerbook g4 has a grey image with a blinking carpet icon with “?” Sign. What can i do? I tried resetting Pram and Nvram but nothing took out the blinking icon
Nahim González - Reply
If you are not worked about losing all the data, reinstall the OS. That can spring it back to life quite easily, if you have seen PlainrockVlog’s vlog about fixing an iBook Clamshell.
DJ is pro -
My MacBook Pro 15 inch suddenly cannot turn on the keyboard backlight. What should i do instead replacing the keyboard backlight matrix?
Adi Purba - Reply
My apple lap top is blinking a ? Mark when I turn it on. I don't see anything but the ? Mark.. how do I fix this
candilocke11 - Reply
That does not associate with the NVRAM and PRAM. Here are my guesses:
A: The hard drive is dead
B: There is no operating system installed.
Try booting into Recovery Mode (command R) and go to Disk Utility. If there is no hard drive, it means it is dead.
If you don’t have any important data, just re-format the drive. And then start installing OS X again.
If none of these work, replace the hard drive with a cheap Kingston SSD. That will imorove the speeds of booting up and installing OS X again is easy.
DJ is pro -
my macbook keyboard is not working properly. when i press S it type as DS and when i press W it type as EW and likewise
Bharti - Reply
If you have a newer model with a butterfly keyboard, it means there are particles around the mechanism that stop the MacBook from typing properly.
If you have an older model with scissor switches, just clean the whole keyboard.
If you think this is a software issue, reinstall macOS again.
If none of these work, try replacing the keyboard (only if you have an older scissor switch one).
DJ is pro -
I am not sure if this is related but I have a 2013 Macbook air that I did an erase and reinstall. Everything booted up fine. The next morning I got the question mark Icon at start-up. I then powered down and re-booted in Recovery mode. Nothing. Black screen. Went through the NVRAM/PRAM process (command, option P+R) at startup. screen blinks as it chimes, blinks again at second chime. Sill have black screen.
Dead Hard drive?
Matthew Agostinelli - Reply
my late 2011 macbook pro wont connect through usb eventhoug one port definetly still receives power, i tried the nvram reset twice but nothing changed
Ice Davis - Reply
My macbook air’s touch pad became so hard i cant click. I tried all the methods but none work please help me.
lebaodangkhoi76@gmail.com - Reply